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| ORIGINAL ARTICLE |
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| Year : 2020 | Volume
: 8
| Issue : 2 | Page : 20-22 |
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Awareness about periodontal health among patients with fixed orthodontic appliance
Ujjwal Priyadarsi1, Mohammad S Alam2, Abid Hussain3, Farrukh Azam1, Hira Lal2, Gulistan Parveen2
1 Department of Dentistry, Patliputra Medical College & Hospital (PMCH), Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India
2 Department of Periodontology & Oral Implantology, Awadh Dental College & Hospital, Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
3 Department of Orthodontics, Mithila Minority Dental College & Hospital, Darbhanga, Bihar, India
| Date of Submission | 15-Jun-2020 |
| Date of Acceptance | 18-Jun-2020 |
| Date of Web Publication | 27-Jun-2020 |
Correspondence Address:
Dr. Ujjwal Priyadarsi
K5-14, Jhelum Apartment, Siroman Nagar, Near MGM Medical College, Dimna, Jamshedpur 831012, Jharkhand.
India
 Source of Support: None, Conflict of Interest: None
DOI: 10.4103/INJO.INJO_21_20
Background: During the fixed orthodontic appliance treatment, patient’s knowledge, motivation, cooperation, and attitude toward treatment are key factors of oral hygiene maintenance. Very little is known about periodontal health awareness among orthodontic patients. Objective: The aim of this study was to report on periodontal health awareness among orthodontic patients. Materials and Methods: A total of 1000 orthodontics patients were included in this study. Subjects who were currently wearing upper and lower fixed orthodontic appliances were included in the study. Data were collected through a self-administered questionnaire (demographic characteristics, subjects’ awareness toward their periodontal health). Results: The majority of subjects were in the moderate level of awareness group (52%). Conclusion: There is a need for improvement of teeth brushing during fixed orthodontic treatment and the importance of following oral health advice given by the dentist. Keywords: Awareness, fixed orthodontic appliance, orthodontia, periodontal health
How to cite this article:
Priyadarsi U, Alam MS, Hussain A, Azam F, Lal H, Parveen G. Awareness about periodontal health among patients with fixed orthodontic appliance. Int J Oral Care Res 2020;8:20-2 |
How to cite this URL:
Priyadarsi U, Alam MS, Hussain A, Azam F, Lal H, Parveen G. Awareness about periodontal health among patients with fixed orthodontic appliance. Int J Oral Care Res [serial online] 2020 [cited 2021 Sep 17];8:20-2. Available from: https://www.ijocr.org/text.asp?2020/8/2/20/288063 |
| Introduction | |  |
Research has showed a significant increase in the quantity of dental plaque and the occurrence of gingivitis in patients with fixed orthodontic appliances.[1] For this reason, special efforts are required for adequate oral hygiene during fixed appliance treatment as its presence makes tooth cleaning more difficult.[2] During the fixed orthodontic appliance treatment, patient’s knowledge, motivation, cooperation, and attitude toward treatment are key factors of oral hygiene maintenance.[3] Poor maintenance of oral hygiene may be due to lack of knowledge or negligence by patients themselves.[4] Various reports have shown that orthodontic patients’ knowledge on their gingival health was poor.[5] Despite receiving oral health education, many individuals fail to follow these instructions. Also, majority had lack of knowledge on the maintenance of oral hygiene.[6] Before the beginning of orthodontic treatment, patients should be instructed about the importance of regular oral hygiene maintenance.[7],[8] Very little is known about periodontal health awareness among orthodontic patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to report on the periodontal health awareness among orthodontic patients with fixed appliances.
| Materials and Methods | | |
A structured questionnaire was administered to 1000 orthodontic patients recruited from orthodontic clinics in Dhanbad, Jharkhand, India. Currently treated orthodontic patients at the orthodontic clinics during the study period who agreed to participate in the study were included. The patients received both verbal and written information about the study. All subjects were of similar economic and social background. A total of 1000 orthodontics patients (600 males and 400 females) filled the questionnaire completely and were included in this study. The mean age was 18 ± 5.0 years. Subjects were currently wearing upper and lower fixed orthodontic appliances for an average duration of 12.89 ± 6.25 months. All subjects had healthy periodontium before the start of orthodontic treatment and were instructed for the need to properly clean the teeth after placing the appliance. A self-administrated structured questionnaire, which was applied in the previous study,[9] was used as the instrument for data collection [Figure 1]. The questionnaire was self-administered to the participants in the waiting areas of orthodontic clinics across Dhanbad. It contained a series of questions in relation to demographic characteristics of the subject’s age, gender, duration of fixed orthodontic treatment, and the patient’s current oral health behavior (frequency and duration of tooth brushing, auxiliary aids, and dental visits). Ten questions related to subject’s awareness toward periodontal health were scored as 0 if the answer was “I don’t know” and as 1 if the answer was “yes” or “no.” Subsequently, subjects were allocated into a high level of awareness (average score 8–10), a moderate level of awareness (5–7), a low level of awareness (average score 1–4), and no awareness (score 0) groups.
Statistical analysis
Data were entered into a personal computer and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software program (SPSS, Chicago, Illinois). The level of significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.
| Results | | |
The majority of subjects were in the moderate level of awareness group (52%). Orthodontic patients’ awareness toward their periodontal health during fixed orthodontic treatment showed a significant association with attitude scores (R2 = 0.132; P = 0.023).
| Discussion | | |
Generally, public awareness of gum disease and particularly the role of dental plaque in relation to periodontal disease are poor, presumably due to inadequate health education concerning these conditions.[10],[11],[12],[13] Most of the orthodontic patients in this study had a high level of awareness of their periodontal health. They were aware of having dental calculus and dental stain, but not aware of having dental plaque. This may be due to the easy identification of stains and calculus on teeth. The identification of dental plaque is more difficult, as they do not know how it looks. Azodo and Umoh[14] assessed knowledge of oral health among Nigerian patients with fixed orthodontic appliances and reported that 93.5% of the subjects showed good oral health awareness. Baheti and Toshniwal[5] showed that nearly 50% of the Indian patients were unaware of periodontal health. In this study, similar periodontal health awareness among boys and girls was recorded. This result was in contrast to the results of the previous study,[15] where females showed a higher oral health knowledge than males. In this study, the majority of orthodontic patients had a negative attitude toward fixed orthodontic treatment in respect of periodontal health. This was in agreement with Baheti and Toshniwal,[5] who reported that the attitude toward the practice of oral hygiene among orthodontic patients was poor. The results of this study indicated a moderate level of periodontal health awareness. This emphasizes the need to improve oral health education among orthodontic patients. Orthodontists through their long-term treatment procedure have the opportunity and responsibility to educate their patients about periodontal health and to promote proper oral health behavior with emphasis on the prevention of periodontal disease. However, self-directed educational material such as a leaflet is an inexpensive and practical way of targeting large sections of the population to consider health change.
| Conclusion | | |
Orthodontic patients showed moderate awareness of periodontal health. There is a need for improvement of teeth brushing and following oral hygiene measures during fixed orthodontic treatment and the importance of following oral health advice given by the dentist.
Financial support and sponsorship
Nil.
Conflicts of interest
There are no conflicts of interest.
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